9.) The improper connection of septic pumps.
There are several different problems that can stem from septic pump installations. First, Section 430.102(A) requires the installation of a disconnecting means in sight from a motor controller location that disconnects the controller. In the case of the typical residential septic pump installation the controller would be the float switch in the pump tank. Section 430.102(B) requires a disconnecting means in sight from a motor location to disconnect the motor. In this case it is possible to satisfy both requirements with one disconnecting means located at the tank as the controller and the motor are both within site of the disconnecting means. Article 100 defines "in sight from" to be visible and within 50'. So there must be a disconnecting means that is visible and located no more than 50' from the pump tank. In most residential cases the pump and controller (float switch) are inserted into a receptacle located near the tank so the attachment cap for the controller and pump cord can serve as the disconnecting means.
Most often the homeowner does not want to see a pedestal with a receptacle and cords so the attachment caps are cut off and the cords are wired directly (hard wired) into a junction box that is located in the tank. If the pump and controller have been hard wired many times there is no disconnect at all located within site from the motor or controller. In some cases the manufacturer prohibits the removal of the cord cap and float assembly end and this would be a violation of the manufacturer's requirements. In other cases the receptacle has been installed inside the pump tank. Before making this kind of installation, consideration should be given to the issues of accessibility and corrosion. Also, depending on the size of the system there may be sufficient hazardous vapor in the pump chamber to classify the location. The classified locations are more common in commercial and industrial applications.