Reference Library

Cul-de-sacs

• "Cul-de-sac Lengths" from Residential Streets, Second Edition, American Society of Civil Engineers, National Association of Homebuilders and the Urban Land Institute, 1990, pages 54 & 55 [Word File]
• "Standards for Dead-End Streets", Carol J. Thomas, APA PASMemo, November 1985 [Word File] 
• "The Loop Lane: A Cul-de-Sac Alternative", Mike Pelletier, APA PASMemo, May 1998
• "Canadian Combo" by Don Procter ("Planning Practice", May 2002)
  What’s the best approach to suburban street layouts? A little of this and a little of that, suggests a Canadian planning team led by architect Fanis Grammenos, a senior researcher for the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation.
• "The Battle Over Dead Ends", by Ruth Knack, AICP ("Planning Practice", May 2002)
  When it comes to stirring up neighborhood opposition, street connectivity ranks right up there with higher density. It’s really a red flag issue, says Kirk Bishop, a consultant with Duncan Associates in Chicago. People are afraid that more intersections will add noise, compromise their children's safety, and lead to more crime.

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